Animate and Inanimate Demonstratives
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(requires flash!)
Inanimate: Not
endowed with life or spirit; lacking consciousness or power of motion.
Animate: Possessing
or characterized by life.
Inanimate/animate
demonstratives have three degrees of distance:
Close: Ode (this) Not Close: I (that) Far: Éi (That over there)
Ode (this) is the same for animates and inanimates, but the others are different. Be sure to use animate demonstratives only with animate nouns and inanimate demonstratives only with inanimate nouns.
|
Inanimate |
|
|
Ode gokbenagen |
This basket |
|
I gokbenagen |
That basket |
|
Éi gokbenagen |
That basket over there |
|
Animate |
|
|
Ode nene |
This man |
|
O nene |
That man |
|
Ago nene |
That man over there |
Agreement of the
demonstrative with the noun is required in number as well as animacy.
Inanimate Plural
Demonstratives:
Close: Node
(these) Not Close:
Ni (those) Far: Éni
(those over there)
Animate Plural
Demonstratives:
Close: Gode (these) Not Close: Gi (those) Far: Égi (those over there)
Inanimate
|
Node mkekwen |
These boxes |
|
Ni mkekwen |
Those boxes |
|
Éni mkekwen |
Those boxes
over there |
Animate
|
Gode kwék |
These women |
|
Gi kwék |
Those women |
|
Égi kwék |
Those women
over there |
Below is a chart for
comparing Demonstratives:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Singular |
Plural |
|
Close |
Ode - This |
Node - These |
|
Not Close |
I - That |
Ni - Those |
|
Far |
Éi - That
over there |
Éni - Those
over there |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Singular |
Plural |
|
Close |
Ode - This |
Gode - These |
|
Not Close |
O - That |
Gi - Those |
|
Far |
Ago - That
over there |
Égi - Those
over there |